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1. Hadith 1: Actions are Judged by Intentions
This is widely considered the most foundational Hadith in all of Islamic scholarship, dictating that the spiritual value of any deed depends entirely on the heart's motivation.
"Actions are but by intentions, and every person shall have only that which he intended."
The Teaching: A good deed done for vanity, fame, or material gain holds no spiritual value. Conversely, mundane daily activities (like sleeping or eating) can become acts of worship if the intention is to maintain one's health to serve God and others.
This famous tradition outlines the structure of the religion. It is framed as a dialogue where the Angel Gabriel appears in human form to question the Prophet Muhammad in front of his companions.
It divides the practice into three distinct dimensions:
Islam (Outer Submission): The performance of the five pillarsâthe Shahada (testimony of faith), ritual prayers, charity, fasting, and pilgrimage.
Iman (Inner Belief): The Six Articles of Faithâbelief in God, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and divine destiny.
Ihsan (Spiritual Excellence): Defined by the Prophet as: "To worship God as though you see Him, and if you cannot see Him, then know that He sees you."
This concise teaching serves as a practical guide for daily social conduct and community harmony.
"Whosoever believes in God and the Last Day, let him speak good or remain silent. And whosoever believes in God and the Last Day, let him be generous to his neighbor."
The Teaching: True faith must manifest in how one treats others. It places immense weight on the tongue, advising that if a word does not bring benefit, harmony, or truth, silence is spiritually superior. It also elevates hospitality and neighborly care to a matter of core faith.
Would you like to explore more examples from the Forty Hadith, or would you like to see how scholars traditionally analyzed the reliability of the chains of narrators (Isnad) who transmitted these sayings?
https://www.muslim.or.jp/hadith/smuslim-top-s.html